Pigment or Organism Name:	Beta-Carotene
Type:	biological pigment
Medium Type:	in vitro
Description:	Absorbance spectrum of in vitro Beta-Carotene in hexane


x-axis label:	wavelength
x-axis units:	nm
y-axis label:	molar absorption coefficient
y-axis units:	relative
error label:	nil
error units:	nil


Source/Contact:	Jonathan S. Lindsey, Masahiko Taniguchi 

Reference:	Dixon, J. M.; Taniguchi, M.; Lindsey, J. S. "PhotochemCAD 2. A Refined Program with Accompanying Spectral Databases for Photochemical Calculations," Photochem. Photobiol. 2005, 81, 212-213.

References for extinction coefficient
Zechmeister, L. and A. Polgar (1943) cis-trans Isomerization and spectral characteristics of carotenoids and some related compounds.  J. Am. Chem. Soc. 65, 1522-1528.
Zechmeister, L. (1962) cis-trans Isomeric carotenoids vitamins A and arylpolyenes.  Springer-Verlag, Vienna, Austria.


Comments: 	Chemical formula:  C-40, H-56

	  The spectrum of Beta Carotene dissolved in hexane is based on the absorbance measurements made by Masahiko Taniguchi summer 2012 using an Agilent 8453 UV-visible spectroscopy system. The absorbance data were normalized to have an absorption coefficient of 139500 at 451 nm.  Peaks occur at about 451 (shoulder at 430 and 477 nm) and 267 nm.  



Keywords:	beta-carotene, carotenoid, polyene

Datafile name:	BCarotene_hexane_Masa_2012_spec.csv