Pigment or Organism Name:	Bacteriochlorophyll e (Frigaard)
Type:	biological pigment
Description:	In vivo absorbance spectrum of BChl e combined with carotenoids of unspecified type and amount


x-axis label:	wavelength
x-axis units:	nm
y-axis label:	absorbance
y-axis units:	relative
error label:	nil
error units:	nil


Source/Contact:	Niels-Ulrik Frigaard (personal commuication)

Reference:	Frigaard, N. U., K. L. Larsen and R. P. Cox. (1996). Spectrochromatography of photosynthetic pigments as a fingerprinting technique for microbial phototrophs. FEMS Microbiology Ecology 20(2): 69-77.


Comments:	In vitro measurements via high-performance liquid chromatography and continuous monitoring of the column eluate using a diode-array spectrophotometer.  Pigments extracted with acetone:methanol and centrifugation.  10% acetone used as buffer in column injection.
	Absorbance (in vivo), A, of intact cells of Chlorobium phaeobacteroides (green sulfur bacteria) containing BChl e and carotenoids, where A(lambda) = -log10(J(lambda)/J0(lambda)), where J0(lambda) is the incident light at wavelength lambda, and J(lambda) is the transmitted or attenuated light. Aqueous buffer.
	From Niels-Ulrik Frigaard, personal email: The BChl e in C. phaeobacteroides gives rise to two major absorption peaks below 600 nm (at 460 and 530 nm) - these are not due to carotenoids as have erroneously been stated in older literature. 
	Molecular image:  Mizoguchi, T., K. Matsuura, K. Shimada and Y. Koyama (1996). The structure of the aggregate form of bacteriochlorophyll c showing the Qy absorption above 740 nm: a 1H-NMR study. Chemical Physics Letters 260(1-2): 153-158.
	H-NMR spectroscopy and electronic absorption spectra.  S[I, E] BChl c F, i.e. bacteriochlorophyll c (3 ~S, 8-isobutyl-12-ethyl, farnesyl), was collected by HPLC from a mixture of bacteriochlorophyll c, which was extracted from the cells of Chlorobium limicola f. sp. Thiosulfatophilum. BChl c was dissolved into a 1 : 3 mixture of methylene chloride-d2 and carbon tetrachloride, and titrated in methanol-d4.

Keywords:	bacteriochlorophyll e, carotenoids, absorbance spectrum, photosynthetic pigment, Chlorobium phaeobacteroides, green sulfur bacteria

Datafile name:	BChle_Frigaard_2004_spec.csv